Kamis, 24 Maret 2011

TELEVISION IMPACT FOR CHILDREN

CHAPTER I

 

1.1    Background

Today the technology is more advanced. Where people in need of news or information is very easy to obtain. Of the many advances in technology one of them is television. Speaking of television, of course, there are three parties involved in it, namely the present, who served and who enjoy.

 Television which has been acting as the electronic mass media, although in its simplest form, was able to influence and lead all mankind to purchase and have them in various parts of the earth so that might be, until today, so many billions have produced many television manufacturers around the world. While the brand, price, quality and the model was already very diverse and many options.
Television with a variety of programs broadcast during this event with various types of display information and entertainment has always offered a great pleasure for the viewers enjoyment. Benefits and uses the television set is not non-existent. Only, as compared with the disadvantages, the benefits of watching television until now, much smaller than the harm or loss that would provoke.
Television is has positive side but also the negative side. Moreover, if the influence of adverse or negative impressions ingested by children who in turn will coloring the children's mindset. If the mindset of children has been contaminated by unhealthy thoughts will be brought at the age of adolescence. And we realize that adolescence is a miniature of the life of a nation. Indonesia will be how in the future depends on the color of the children who will become teenagers and how the teenage mindset.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

·        Does television have a negative effect for the creativity of children?
·        How television can affect the creativity of children?
·        How to prevent the negative impact of television for the creativity of children?


1.3 RESEARCH Objectives

To determine the extent of the influence of television on child creativity


1.4 BENEFITS OF RESEARCH

• To give a reference to parents about the impact of television
• As a reference for future research
• To determine the impact of television on child creativity


1.5 Hypothesis RESEARCH

Television has negative influence on creativity of children


1.6 Methodology RESEARCH

Observation: to make observations and simple research






 

 


CHAPTER II

Literature review


2.1 DEFINITION OF TELEVISION


Television is derived from the tele and visie, tele meaning far and visie means of vision, so television is remote viewing or broadcasting the pictures via radio waves. (International Dictionary of Popular: 196)
Television as well as other mass media that is easy to find and is owned by humans everywhere, such as mass media newspapers, radio, or computer. Television as a means of connecting that can transmit footage from television stations to the audience or viewers at home, these records can be educational, news, entertainment, and others.
The meaning of television is an electronic system that transmit live images and still images with voice over cable (Arsyad, 2002: 50). This system uses equipment that converts light and sound into electrical waves and convert them back into the light that can be seen and voices can be heard.
 What we see on television screens, are all elements of the picture and sound. So there are two elements that complete the picture elements and sound elements. Voice recordings made with the images on television stations turned into electrical vibrations, electric vibrations are given to the transmitter, the transmitter to change the vibration of electrical vibrations into electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves are captured by the satellite. Through this satellite electromagnetic waves emitted so that people can watch broadcast television.

2.2 Impact of Television on Children

Television is the electronic mass media are very popular almost in all age levels, both by teenagers and adults though. Watching television is actually very good for children, adolescents and adults, with a note when watching television does not excessive, the event which is seen according to age, and for the children of the control / supervision from parents. But the reality is happening, a lot of kids watching a show that should not deserve to he witnessed as well as television viewing habits have become an excessive habit tampa followed with a creative attitude, can even cause the child to be passive.
For children, television viewing habits can lead to declining interest in reading the children to the books, and still many other negative effects when compared to its positive impact is only slight. Children tend to prefer to linger in front of the television compared must learn, or read a book.
If we look at events presented by television stations, many events are presented not be said to educate even dangerous for children to be seen. Most of the television show playing violent events, dating scene that should not deserve to watch them, disrespect towards parents, a lifestyle that rah-rah (worldly emphasis only) and many more rows of the negative impact that would menggrogoti children who still do not understand and know nothing. They only know that television is good, they feel happy and entertained and feel anxious to keep abreast of the event for the next event. Parents should have been aware of this, considering the magnitude of the result of excessive television viewing.

Below are listed data on the facts of Indonesian television:
·        on 2002, children watch television 1560-1820 hours / year, while studying at elementary school is generally less than 1.000 hours / year.
·        85% of television is not safe for children, because many contain scenes of violence, excessive sex and mystical and open.
Source: LSI (Lembaga survey Indonesia/Indonesia Survey Institute)

Based on the explanation above, you can imagine if the children that are national assets that will continue the struggle of this nation and who will promote this nation, since childhood had been accustomed to things that are not beneficial, then this country is already lagging and this decline will be more  collapsed and was left behind and eventually will become the country that will be despised by other countries. This fact is not just for our attention but also necessary action to anticipate them. Which certainly needed unity in every self embroidery parents and community members to be able to anticipate the impact that would occur and could be a control for the television broadcaster to events broadcast by any television station.

2.2 DEFINITION OF CREATIVITY

Creativity can be defined as a mental process that can generate ideas or new concepts. According to the National Advisory Committees UK (1999), that creativity has four characteristics, namely: (1) think and act imaginatively, (2) all imaginative activities that have clear objectives, (3) through a process that can generate something original and (4) the results should provide added value.All four of these characteristics should be a unified whole. It is no creativity if only one or a few of these four characteristics. 
According to Robert J Sternberg, said a student who have creativity in the classroom  they are always show: (1) was intrigued and curious, questioning and challenging and not stuck on the existing rules, (2) has the ability to think laterally and be able to make connections beyond the usual relationship, (3) dreaming about something, to imagine, looking at various possibilities, asking "what if", and see things from a different angle, (4) explore various ideas and options, play ideanya, try out alternatives with a fresh approach, maintaining an open mind and modify his ideas to get creative results, and (5) critically reflect on any ideas, acns and results, review progress, inviting and utilize feedback, criticize constructively and can make a clever observation. 




 

CHAPTER III

Methodology

3.1 Observation

The methodology that I use is a questionnaire system. As the sample is 4 parents of 4 6 years old childrens. Based on definition of creativity by National Advisory Communities where said that creativity has four characteristics, namely: (1) think and act imaginatively, (2) all imaginative activities that have clear objectives, (3) through a process that can generate something original and (4) the results should provide added value All four of these characteristics should be a unified whole. . The level of creativity of children is determined based on creativity in drawing.
Questionnaire provided among:
1.      does your child watch television?
2.      How long within 1 day your child watch television?
3.      Does your child longer play or watch television?
4.      Try to draw by your child:
a.       A father
b.      A mother
c.       small child








CHAPTER IV

ANALITICAL AND DISCUSSION

4.1    ANALITICAL DATA

From the experiments above, the obtained results as follows:


Question
Children 1
Children 2
Children 3
Children 4
1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2
4 hours
3-4 hours
2 hours
3 hours
3
Watching
Watching
Study
Watching

Result for question 4


Children 1
C:\Documents and Settings\admin\Desktop\result\Untitled-1.jpg
Children 2
C:\Documents and Settings\admin\Desktop\result\Untitled-2.jpg



Children 3
C:\Documents and Settings\admin\Desktop\result\Untitled-4.jpg


Children 4
C:\Documents and Settings\admin\Desktop\result\Untitled-3.jpg

4.2 DISCUSSION

From the data above, the Children who watched television less than3 hours per day, able to draw more imaginative and creative than children who watch television more than 3 hours perday,so in this research proved that watching television can affect a child’s creativit.
The watch time is the most factor that make television can affect creativity of children. activities which monoton watch television and television shows thatare not qualified, making motor and sensory systems in children are not trained. When watching television, children tend tobe quiet, theyjust fixated on the television and did not do anything else. Their limbs are not doing anything activity. So they Creativity  are not sharpened.
Many ways to reduce the negative impact of television. Parents are very important figure in child development. Parents are the most important teachers for children. They must be able to provide thebest for their children. The slightest thing should be anticipated byparents about the positive and negative impacts that can be received by the child. Same with the television that not only provide positive impact, but also negative. impact 
To avoid the negative impact of television rather than by removing and keep them away from television. It's just need to control from a parent as the personclosest to the child. As Kahlil Gibran said that the old man is a bowof arrows of life for their child darted into the future. Because the children also crave her own life.
Many ways to reduce the impact of television:
a.       Parents should be able to select events that match the child's age. 
b.      Parents should accompany children when watching television. 
c.       Parents need to know your favorite shows children and help children understand the suitability of the way they watch 
d.      Parents should not put a television in a child's room. 
e.       Encourage the child to do many other activities besides just watch television. 
f.        Teach children to read books that are useful to reproduce 
g.       Expand the child listening to the radio or listening to music instead of watching television. 
h.       Check the TV schedule, so that parents can regulate what the event will be watched with children. 
i.         Parents must get children not to watch television on school days. 
j.        Parents should provide children with an education that contain religious values ​​that should always be applied and grown at home

 



CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION


1.1   CONCLUSION
Television has bad influence for creativity of children and hamperthe child's imagination. Especially if the duration of the watching is not controlled by parents.
According the data I obtained maximum time for watching television per day is less than 3 hours.
When watching television, children tend tobe quiet, theyjust fixated on the television and did not do anything else. Their limbs are not doing anything activity. So they Creativity  are not sharpened and they motoric and sensory system does not trained.


1.2   SUGGESTION
·              Control the duration of watching television and accompany children in the activities of watching television.
·              Select anappropriate event watched by the child and to give understanding to the child.
·              Familiarize children to not watching television on school days.
·              Make
·              Suggested further research  to determine the extent to which television affects children creativity and how to more effectively and efficiently to solve it.



BIBLIOGRAFI

wahidin, “makalah-psikologi-tentang-pengaruh-televisi-terhadap-akhlak-anak” [10 oktober 2008]. http://makalahkumakalahmu.wordpress.com/2008/09/13/makalah-psikologi-tentang-pengaruh-televisi-terhadap-akhlak-anak/#more-35
Anonymous, “media-pembelajaran-televisi”, [26 february 2011] http://www.3m0-wonokampir.co.cc/2010/01/media-pembelajaran-televisi.html
Anonymous, “dampak televise bagi anak” [26 february 2011] http://artikelpgsd1b2009.blogspot.com/2009/12/dampak-televisi-bagi-anak.html
Anonymous, “Pengaruh TV Terhadap Anak-anak ” [26 february 2011]  http://ariperon.wordpress.com/2009/01/06/120/
Anonymous, “pengertian kreativitas” [13 february 2011] http://definisi-pengertian.blogspot.com/2010/05/pengertian kreativitas.html


 

 

 

 

 


Senin, 07 Maret 2011

Soal persiapan UAS PKN

Jelaskan pengertian Negara!
2. Sebutkan Unsur-unsur Negara!
3. Jelaskan tingkatan wewenang lembaga peradilan di Indonesia!
4. Jelaskan Hak dan kewajiban asasi dalam bebagai bidang kehidupan, serta berikan contohnya!
5. Jelaskan macam-macam asas kewarganegaraan!
6. Sebutkan cara-cara memperoleh kewarganegaraan!
7. Sebutkan beberapa hal yang dapat menyebabkan hilangnya kewarganegaraan!
8. Sebutkan ciri-ciri masyarakat politik!
9. Jelaskan tipe budaya politik!
10. Apa yang dimaksud partisipasi polotik?
11. Jelaskan ciri-ciri masyarakat madani!
12. Jelaskan pengertian pemerintahan!
13. Sebutkan cirri-ciri pemerintahan yang bersifat terbuka/transparan!
14. Sebutkan pengertian perjanjian internasional!
15. Sebutkan tahapan pembuatan perjanjian internasional!
16. Sebutkan subjek hukum internasional!
17. Jelaskan makana ideology!
18. Sebutkan dan jelaskan fungsi pancasila!
19. Sebutkan cirri-ciri ideology terbuka!
20. Apa yang dimaksud dengan nilai!
21. Jelaskan macam-macam nilai!
22. Jelaskan makna pancasila sebagai ideology terbuka!
23. Jelaskan bentuk pemerintahan klasik menurut plato, aristoteles dan teori polybios!
24. Bandingkan pemerintahan parlementer denga pemerintahan presindensil!
25. Jelaskan system pemerintahan! Inggris, America serikat, RRC!
26. Jelaskan cirri-ciri pemerintahan RI setelah amandemen UUD 1945!
27. Jelaskan pengertian pers dan fungsinya!
28. Apa yang dimaksud kode etik jurnalistik?
29. Jelaskan pengertian Globalisasi serta dampak positif dan negarif dari globalisasi!
30. John Naisbitt dan Patricia Aburdene dalam bukunya yang berjudul “ Megatrends 2000” mengemukakan 10 ramalan, sebutkan!
31. Berikan contoh globalisasi dalam bidang iptek!
32. Berikan contoh globalisasi dalam bidang ekonomi!

Minggu, 06 Maret 2011

SKL AGAMA ISLAM UASBN SMA

sorry telat posting...haha... harusnya dari kemarin-kemarin...sehari sebelum us malah baru posting... nih buat yang butuh klik aja linknya,,
http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/13517271/kisi

Jumat, 26 November 2010

Efect manusia api menggunakan adobe photshop (ILMUGRAFIS.COM)

Tutorial Photoshop Kali ni kita akan membuat manusia api dengan racikan photoshop, dengan cara yang mudah dan sederhana: yuk ikuti langkah mudahnya dibawah ini:

1. siapkan foto yang akan di beri efek api, kemudian berikan efek curves ( Ctrl + M ) atur seperti pada gambar :
tutorial photoshop


2. Kemudian kasih neon glow pada gambar ( filter > artistic >> neon glow ) atur sesuai gambar dibawah:
tutorial photoshop


3 Setelah itu kita desaturate gambarnya ( image > adjustment >> desaturate ):
tutorial photoshop


4. Setelah itu kita atur pencahayaan dengan brigthnes & contrase (  image > adjustment >> brightnes/contrast ) atur sesuai dengan gambar:
tutorial photoshop


5. Sekarang duplicate backgroundnya ( layer > duplicate layer)
Aktif pada layer hasil duplikat tadi kemudian  kita kasih efek glowing edges (filter > stylesh >> glowing edges..) atur sesuai dengan gambar:
tutorial photoshop


6. Ubah blending modenya dari normal menjadi screen:
tutorial photoshop


7. Setelah itu dengan menggunakan smudge tool (yang dilingkari merah), kemudian sapukan sesuai arah pada panah2 merah (ingat kita aktif pada layer background copy) lihat gambar:
tutorial photoshop


8. Setelah itu kita kasih efek gausian blur pada background asli/yang bawah ( filter > blur >> gausian blur ) :
Pilih Radius 1.1 , OK


9. Oke sekarang kasihkan beberapa accesoriesnya J dengan lens flare ( filter > render >> lens flare ) kita atur tempatnya (ditangan) :
tutorial photoshop

Dimata:
tutorial photoshop


10. Oya agar api nantinya lebih berkobar kita tambahin coretan dengan brush (warna putih) seperti pada gambar:
tutorial photoshop


11. Kemudian dengan smudge tool kita buat kayak tadi ( langkah 7) hasilnya:
tutorial photoshop

Nah sekarang kita nyalakan apinya :
- ubah warna menjadi grayscale ( image > Mode >> grayscale) ntar ada pemberitahuan di flaten/dijadikan satu gak layernya, pilih flatten aja:
- kemudian kita ubah lagi menjadi index color ( image > Mode >> indexed color )
- terakhir kita kasih deh apinya dengan color table ( image > Mode >> color table dan pilih black body) :
tutorial photoshop

Hasilnya kira2 kayak gini nih: ….
manusia api - Fire Man
manusia API - Fire Man (jadi inget Fantastic 4)
Selamat mencoba

More tutorial :http://www.ilmugrafis.com

Minggu, 21 November 2010

RNA dan DNA

RNA dan DNA



Sering kali disampaikan salah satu perbedaan DNA dan RNA adalah bahwa DNA terletak di dalam inti sel (nukleus) sedangkan RNA terdapat di luar inti sel. DNA tidak hanya terdapat di dalam nukleus saja tetapi juga bisa berada di luar nukleus. Mitokondria dan kloroplas adalah organel yang berada di luar nukleus, keduanya mempunyai DNA. Oleh karena itu DNA dapat berada di luar nukleus. Sementara RNA tidak hanya dijumpai di luar inti sel saja. Tentu kita masih ingat bahwa pada saat transkripsi RNA dari DNA sebelum meninggalkan inti sel RNA masihberadadalamsel.

Asam nukleat adalah polinukleotida yang terdiri dari unit-unit mononukleotida, jika unit-unit pembangunnya dioksinukleotida maka asam nukleat itu disebut dioksiribonukleat(DNA) dan jika terdiri dari unit-unit mononukleotida disebut asam ribonukleat(RNA).DNA dan RNA mempunyai sejumlah sifat kimia dan fisika yang sama sebab antara unit-unit mononukleotida terdapat ikatan yang sama yaitu melalui jembatan fosfodiester antara posisi 3′ suatu mononukleotida dan posisi 5′ pada mononukleotida lainnya (Harpet, 1980).
Asam-asam nukleat seperti asam dioksiribosa nukleat (DNA) dan asam ribonukleat (RNA) memberikan dasar kimia bagi pemindahan keterangan di dalam semua sel. Asam nukleat merupakan molekul makro yang memberi keterangan tiap asam nukleat mempunyai urutan nukleotida yang unik sama seperti urutan asam amino yang unik dari suatu protein tertentu karena asam nukleat merupakan rantai polimer yang tersusun dari satuan monomer yang disebut nukleotida (Dage, 1992).

Dua tipe utama asam nukleat adalah asam dioksiribonukleat(DNA) dan asam ribonukleat(RNA). DNA terutama ditemui dalam inti sel, asam ini merupakan pengemban kode genetik dan dapat memproduksi atau mereplikasi dirinya dengan tujuan membentuk sel-sel baru untuk memproduksi organisme itu dalam sebagian besar organisme, DNA suatu sel mengerahkan sintesis molekul RNA, satu tipe RNA, yaitu messenger RNA(mRNA), meninggalkan inti sel dan mengarahkan tiosintesis dari berbagai tipe protein dalam organisme itu sesuai dengan kode DNA-nya (fessenden, 1990).

Pembuatan Asam Sulfat (Proses Kontak) 

 

Pembuatan Asam Sulfat Menurut Proses Kontak Industri lainnya yang berdasarkan reaksi kesetimbangan yaitu pembuatan asam sulfat yang dikenal dengan proses kontak. Reaksi yang terjadi dapat diringkas sebagai berikut:
Pertama, belerang dibakar menjadi belerang dioksida.
S(s) + O2(g) ----> SO2(g)

Belerang dioksida kemudian dioksidasi lbh lanjut jd belerang trioksida.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) <====> 2SO3(g)....... delta H= -98 kJ

Reaksi ini berlangsung pd suhu sekitar 500 derajat C, tekanan 1 atm dgn katalisator V2O5. Kemudian gas SO2 dilarutkan dlm asam sulfat pekat hingga jd asam sulfat pekat berasap (dsb oleum, H2SO4.SO3 atau H2S2O7).
SO3(g) + H2SO4(l) -------> H2S2O7(l)

H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) ------> 2H2SO4(l)

Dari proses kontak ini lalu akan terbentuk asam sulfat pekat dgn kadar 98%
Tahap penting dalam proses ini adalah reaksi (2). Reaksi ini merupakan reaksi kesetimbangan dan eksoterm. Sama seperti pada sintesis amonia, reaksi ini hanya berlangsung baik pada suhu tinggi. Akan tetapi pada suhu tinggi justru kesetimbangan bergeser ke kiri.
Pada proses kontak digunakan suhu sekitar 500oC dengan katalisator V2O5. sebenarnya tekanan besar akan menguntungkan produksi SO3, tetapi penambahan tekanan ternyata tidak diimbangi penambahan hasil yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, pada proses kontak tidak digunakan tekanan besar melainkan tekanan normal, 1 atm.

Selasa, 16 November 2010

SEJARAH IEDUL ADHA DAN KISAH NABI IBRAHIM a.s dan NABI ISMAIL a.s

Bagi anda pemeluk agama Islam tentunya setiap tahunnya merayakan hari raya qurban atau hari raya idul adha, tapi sebenarnya kamu tau ngga si awal adanya hari raya idul adha dahulu? berikut ini kisahnya.
Pada suatu hari Nabi Ibrahim bermimpi, dalam mimpinya itu Allah menyuruh Nabi Ibrahim menyembelih anaknya yang bernama Ismail. Selepas dari mendapat mimpi itu, Nabi Ibrahim pun memberitahu isterinya yang bernama Siti Hajar.
Maka berbincanglah Nabi Ibrahim, Siti Hajar dan Ismail. Siti Hajar berkata, “Mungkin mimpimu itu hanya mainan tidur saja tetapi kalau mimpi itu merupakan wahyu, wajiblah dituruti.” Apabila mendengar kata-kata ibunya, Ismail berkata kepada bapanya, “Ayahku, sekiranya ini merupakan wahyu dari Allah S.W.T., aku sedia merelakan diriku untuk disembelih.”
Setelah persetujuan dicapai, keesokan harinya Nabi Ibrahim pun membawa puteranya Ismail untuk disembelih. Perkara Nabi Ibrahim hendak menyembelih anaknya telah sampai kepada pengetahuan orang ramai. Hal ini membuat orang ramai takut sehingga ada yang mengatakan, “Nampaknya Nabi Ibrahim mungkin sudah gila hinggakan mahu menyembelih anaknya sendiri. Kalau kita biarkan perkara ini, nanti kitapun akan dibunuhnya.
Walau apapun tuduhan orang terhadapnya, namun Nabi Ibrahim tetap menjalankan tugas yang diperintahkan oleh Allah S.W.T terhadapnya. Setelah Nabi Ibrahim dan anaknya Ismail sampai pada tempat yang dituju, berkatalah anaknya, “Wahai ayahku, aku fikir cara yang baik untuk menyembelih adalah dengan cara aku disembelih dalam keadaan menelungkup tapi mata ayah hendaklah ditutup. Kemudian ayah hendaklah tahu arah pedang yang tajam dan ayah kenakan tepat kepada leherku.”
Kemudian Nabi Ibrahim pun melaksanakan perintah yang Allah S.W.T perintahkan dalam mimpinya. Baginda pun mengucapkan kalimah atas nama Allah lalu memancungkan pedangnya pada leher anaknya itu. Maka terperciklah darah mengenai badan Nabi Ibrahim. Sebagai seorang manusia biasa, Nabi Ibrahim pun menggeletar dan membuka penutup matanya.
Tetapi alangkah terperanjatlah apabila melihat yang disembelihnya itu bukanlah anaknya melainkan seekor kibas. Dengan memuji kebesaran Allah S.W.T, kedua-duanya pun berpeluk-peluk sambil bersyukur kepada Tuhan kerana memberi kekuatan sehingga dapat melaksanakan amanat dari Allah S.W.T.
Sepeninggalan Nabi Ibrahim, iaitu sejak Siti Hajar melepaskan anaknya untuk disembelih oleh baginda, dia sentiasa menangis. Fikirannya bertambah runsing disebabkan diganggu oleh syaitan laknat yang mengatakan kononnya Nabi Ibrahim telah gila dan sebagainya.
Pada suatu hari, dari jauh Siti Hajar mendengar suara takbir memuhi-muji nama Allah, semakin lama semakin dekat dan akhirnya dapatlah Siti Hajar kenali bahawa suara itu adalah suara anaknya Ismail dan suaminya Nabi Ibrahim.
Maka dengan segera dia pergi mendapatkan anak dan suaminya sambil bersyukur kepada Allah S.W.T. kerana telab memberi kekuatan kepadanya sehingga dia sanggup membenarkan anaknya untuk disembelih.
Siti Hajar menangis bukanlah disebabkan marah kepada Nabi Ibrahim tetapi hanyalah menangis seorang ibu terhadap anaknya memandangkan dia adalah seorang wanita yang taat kepada Allah dan tidak mudah digoda oleh syaitan.
Peristiwa ini ada diterangkan dalan surah Ash-Shaffat ayat 101 hingga ayat 111